The research time span covered by the report is from 2019 to 2030; it provides an overview of the Global PC Gaming Mouse Market and also provides a deeper in-depth segmentation of the market by regions, product type and downstream industries.
The global PC Gaming Mouse market size in 2023 is xx million US dollars, and it is expected to be xx million US dollars by 2030, with a compound annual growth rate of xx% expected in 2024-2030.
MARKET COMPETITIVE LANDSCAPE:
The main players in the PC Gaming Mouse market include Razer, Corsair, A4TECH, Logitech, and RAPOO. The share of the top 3 players in the PC Gaming Mouse market is xx%.
REGION SHARE:
The report covers the market size information of North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Latin America, Middle East and Africa, and North America accounted for xx%, Europe accounted for xx% of PC Gaming Mouse market, and Asia Pacific accounted for xx%.
SEGMENT OVERVIEW:
The report segments the market by Type and Application. Wireless Mouse accounted for xx% of PC Gaming Mouse market in 2023. Wire Mouse share of xx%.
Private Used accounted for xx% of the PC Gaming Mouse market in 2023. Game Competion accounts for xx%.
For competitive landscape, prominent players with considerable market shares are comprehensively analyzed in this report. With information regarding the concentration ratio and detailed data reflecting the market performance of each player shared, the readers can acquire a holistic view of the competitive situation and a better understanding of their competitors.
As the COVID-19 takes over the world, we are continuously tracking the changes in the markets. We analyzed the impact of the pandemic in detail, along with other key factors, such as macro-economy, regional conflicts, industry related news and policies. Meanwhile, market investment scenario, technology status and developments, supply chain challenges, among other essential research elements are all covered.
Key Factors Considered:
COVID-19
The report describes the market scenario during and post the pandemic in the vision of upstream, major market participants, downstream major customers, etc. Other aspects, such as changes in consumer behavior, demand, transport capacity, trade flow under COVID-19, have also been taken into consideration during the process of the research.
Regional Conflict / Russia-Ukraine War
The report also presents the impact of regional conflict on this market in an effort to aid the readers to understand how the market has been adversely influenced and how it”s going to evolve in the years to come.
Challenges & Opportunities
Factors that may help create opportunities and boost profits for market players, as well as challenges that may restrain or even pose a threat to the development of the players, are revealed in the report, which can shed a light on strategic decisions and implementation.
Chapter Outline
Chapter 1: Introduces the product overview, market scope, product classification, application, and regional division, and then includes inflation analysis, the impact of the Russo-Ukrainian war on the market, and the global impact of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19).
Chapter 2: Analysis of the competitive environment of PC Gaming Mouse market participants. This mainly includes the revenue, production, market share, and average price of the top players, along with the players” M&A and expansion in recent years.
Chapter 3: Analyzes the main companies in the PC Gaming Mouse industry, including their main businesses, products/services, production, prices, value, gross margin, and the latest developments.
Chapters 4-5: Segmented the global PC Gaming Mouse market by type, and application. Analyze the value, volume and price of market segments from different perspectives.
Chapters 6-7: Provide global PC Gaming Mouse market production status, consumption status and SWOT Analysis by region.
Chapter 8: Analyzes the PC Gaming Mouse industry chain, including raw material analysis, sales and marketing, distributors and major downstream buyers.
Chapter 9: Introduces the market dynamics, the trends factors and drivers factors of the market, and the challenges and restraints faced by manufacturers in the industry, and includes market technology analysis.
Chapter 10: The main points and conclusions of the report.
Chapter 11: Concludes with an explanation of the data sources and research methods.
Highlights-Regions
North America
United States
Canada
Europe
Germany
France
UK
Italy
Russia
Spain
Nordic
Asia Pacific
China
Japan
South Korea
India
Southeast Asia
Australia
Latin America
Brazil
Mexico
Argentina
Middle East & Africa
Egypt
South Africa
UAE
Turkey
Saudi Arabia
Player list
Razer
Corsair
A4TECH
Logitech
RAPOO
Genius(KYE Systems Corp)
SteelSeries
MADCATZ
Roccat
Mionix
COUGAR
AZio
Xiaomi Corporation
Microsoft
DAREU
Types list
Wireless Mouse
Wire Mouse
Application list
Private Used
Game Competion
Internet Cafes
Others
Table of Content
1 Study Coverage
1.1 PC Gaming Mouse Product Introduction
1.2 Market by Type
1.2.1 Global PC Gaming Mouse Market Size Growth Rate by Type, 2019 VS 2024 VS 2030
1.3 Market by Application
1.3.1 Global PC Gaming Mouse Market Size Growth Rate by Application, 2019 VS 2024 VS 2030
1.4 Study Objectives
1.5 Years Considered
1.6 Inflation Analysis
1.7 The Impact of the Russian-Ukrainian War on the Market
1.8 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) Impact on Global
2 Competition by Players
2.1 Global PC Gaming Mouse Production by Players
2.1.1 Global PC Gaming Mouse Production by Players (2019-2024)
2.1.2 Global PC Gaming Mouse Production Market Share by Players (2019-2024)
2.1.3 Global Top 5 and Top 10 Largest Players of PC Gaming Mouse in 2024
2.2 Global PC Gaming Mouse Revenue by Players
2.2.1 Global PC Gaming Mouse Revenue by Players (2019-2024)
2.2.2 Global PC Gaming Mouse Revenue Market Share by Players (2019-2024)
2.2.3 Global Top 5 and Top 10 Companies by PC Gaming Mouse Revenue in 2024
2.3 Global PC Gaming Mouse Production Price by Players
2.4 Analysis of Competitive Landscape
2.4.1 Players Market Concentration Ratio (CR5)
2.4.2 Global PC Gaming Mouse Players Geographical Distribution
2.5 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
3 Company Overview
3.1 Razer
3.1.1 Razer Information
3.1.2 Razer Overview
3.1.3 Razer PC Gaming Mouse Production, Price, Value and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
3.1.4 Razer Related Developments
3.2 Corsair
3.2.1 Corsair Information
3.2.2 Corsair Overview
3.2.3 Corsair PC Gaming Mouse Production, Price, Value and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
3.2.4 Corsair Related Developments
3.3 A4TECH
3.3.1 A4TECH Information
3.3.2 A4TECH Overview
3.3.3 A4TECH PC Gaming Mouse Production, Price, Value and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
3.3.4 A4TECH Related Developments
3.4 Logitech
3.4.1 Logitech Information
3.4.2 Logitech Overview
3.4.3 Logitech PC Gaming Mouse Production, Price, Value and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
3.4.4 Logitech Related Developments
3.5 RAPOO
3.5.1 RAPOO Information
3.5.2 RAPOO Overview
3.5.3 RAPOO PC Gaming Mouse Production, Price, Value and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
3.5.4 RAPOO Related Developments
3.6 Genius(KYE Systems Corp)
3.6.1 Genius(KYE Systems Corp) Information
3.6.2 Genius(KYE Systems Corp) Overview
3.6.3 Genius(KYE Systems Corp) PC Gaming Mouse Production, Price, Value and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
3.6.4 Genius(KYE Systems Corp) Related Developments
3.7 SteelSeries
3.7.1 SteelSeries Information
3.7.2 SteelSeries Overview
3.7.3 SteelSeries PC Gaming Mouse Production, Price, Value and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
3.7.4 SteelSeries Related Developments
3.8 MADCATZ
3.8.1 MADCATZ Information
3.8.2 MADCATZ Overview
3.8.3 MADCATZ PC Gaming Mouse Production, Price, Value and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
3.8.4 MADCATZ Related Developments
3.9 Roccat
3.9.1 Roccat Information
3.9.2 Roccat Overview
3.9.3 Roccat PC Gaming Mouse Production, Price, Value and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
3.9.4 Roccat Related Developments
3.10 Mionix
3.10.1 Mionix Information
3.10.2 Mionix Overview
3.10.3 Mionix PC Gaming Mouse Production, Price, Value and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
3.10.4 Mionix Related Developments
3.11 COUGAR
3.11.1 COUGAR Information
3.11.2 COUGAR Overview
3.11.3 COUGAR PC Gaming Mouse Production, Price, Value and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
3.11.4 COUGAR Related Developments
3.12 AZio
3.12.1 AZio Information
3.12.2 AZio Overview
3.12.3 AZio PC Gaming Mouse Production, Price, Value and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
3.12.4 AZio Related Developments
3.13 Xiaomi Corporation
3.13.1 Xiaomi Corporation Information
3.13.2 Xiaomi Corporation Overview
3.13.3 Xiaomi Corporation PC Gaming Mouse Production, Price, Value and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
3.13.4 Xiaomi Corporation Related Developments
3.14 Microsoft
3.14.1 Microsoft Information
3.14.2 Microsoft Overview
3.14.3 Microsoft PC Gaming Mouse Production, Price, Value and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
3.14.4 Microsoft Related Developments
3.15 DAREU
3.15.1 DAREU Information
3.15.2 DAREU Overview
3.15.3 DAREU PC Gaming Mouse Production, Price, Value and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
3.15.4 DAREU Related Developments
4 Market Size by Type
4.1 Global PC Gaming Mouse Production by Type
4.1.1 Global PC Gaming Mouse Production by Type (2019-2024)
4.1.2 Global PC Gaming Mouse Forecasted Production by Type (2024-2030)
4.2 Global PC Gaming Mouse Value by Type
4.2.1 Global PC Gaming Mouse Value by Type (2019-2024)
4.2.2 Global PC Gaming Mouse Forecasted Value by Type (2024-2030)
4.3 Global PC Gaming Mouse Price by Type
4.3.1 Global PC Gaming Mouse Price by Type (2019-2024)
4.3.2 Global PC Gaming Mouse Price Forecast by Type (2024-2030)
5 Market Size by Application
5.1 Global PC Gaming Mouse Consumption by Application
5.1.1 Global PC Gaming Mouse Consumption by Application (2019-2024)
5.1.2 Global PC Gaming Mouse Forecasted Consumption by Application (2024-2030)
5.2 Global PC Gaming Mouse Revenue by Application
5.2.1 Global PC Gaming Mouse Revenue by Application (2019-2024)
5.2.2 Global PC Gaming Mouse Forecasted Revenue by Application (2024-2030)
5.3 Global PC Gaming Mouse Price by Application
5.3.1 Global PC Gaming Mouse Price by Application (2019-2024)
5.3.2 Global PC Gaming Mouse Price Forecast by Application (2024-2030)
6 Global PC Gaming Mouse Production
6.1 Global PC Gaming Mouse Production (2019-2030)
6.2 Global PC Gaming Mouse Production by Region: 2019 VS 2024 VS 2030
6.3 Global PC Gaming Mouse Production by Region
6.3.1 Global PC Gaming Mouse Historic Production by Region (2019-2024)
6.3.2 Global PC Gaming Mouse Historic Value by Region (2019-2024)
6.3.3 Global PC Gaming Mouse Forecasted Production by Region (2024-2030)
6.3.4 Global PC Gaming Mouse Forecasted Value by Region (2024-2030)
6.4 North America
6.4.1 North America PC Gaming Mouse Production, Price, Value and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
6.4.2 North America SWOT Analysis
6.5 Europe
6.5.1 Europe PC Gaming Mouse Production, Price, Value and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
6.5.2 Europe SWOT Analysis
6.6 China
6.6.1 China PC Gaming Mouse Production, Price, Value and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
6.6.2 China SWOT Analysis
6.7 Japan
6.7.1 Japan PC Gaming Mouse Production, Price, Value and Gross Margin (2019-2024)
6.7.2 Japan SWOT Analysis
7 Global PC Gaming Mouse Market Insights Estimates and Forecasts
7.1 Global PC Gaming Mouse Sales Estimates and Forecasts 2019-2030
7.2 Global PC Gaming Mouse Sales by Region: 2019 VS 2024 VS 2030
7.3 Global PC Gaming Mouse Sales by Region
7.3.1 Global PC Gaming Mouse Sales by Region (2019-2024)
7.3.2 Global PC Gaming Mouse Sales by Region (2024-2030)
7.4 North America
7.4.1 North America PC Gaming Mouse Sales by Country (2019-2030)
7.4.2 U.S.
7.4.3 Canada
7.5 Europe
7.5.1 Europe PC Gaming Mouse Sales by Country (2019-2030)
7.5.2 Germany
7.5.3 France
7.5.4 U.K.
7.5.5 Italy
7.5.6 Russia
7.6 Asia-Pacific
7.6.1 Asia Pacific PC Gaming Mouse Sales by Region (2019-2030)
7.6.2 China
7.6.3 Japan
7.6.4 South Korea
7.6.5 India
7.6.6 Southeast Asia
7.6.7 Australia
7.7 Latin America
7.7.1 Latin America PC Gaming Mouse Sales by Country (2019-2030)
7.7.2 Mexico
7.7.3 Brazil
7.8 Middle East & Africa
7.8.1 Middle East and Africa PC Gaming Mouse Sales by Country (2019-2030)
7.8.2 Turkey
7.8.3 Saudi Arabia
7.8.4 U.A.E
8 Value Chain and Channels Analysis
8.1 PC Gaming Mouse Value Chain Analysis
8.2 PC Gaming Mouse Key Raw Materials
8.2.1 Key Raw Materials
8.2.2 Raw Materials Key Suppliers
8.3 PC Gaming Mouse Production Mode & Process
8.4 PC Gaming Mouse Sales and Marketing
8.4.1 PC Gaming Mouse Sales Channels
8.4.2 PC Gaming Mouse Distributors
8.5 PC Gaming Mouse Customers
9 Market Drivers, Opportunities, Challenges and Risks Factors Analysis
9.1 PC Gaming Mouse Industry Trends
9.2 PC Gaming Mouse Market Drivers
9.3 PC Gaming Mouse Market Challenges
9.4 PC Gaming Mouse Market Restraints
9.5 PC Gaming Mouse Market Technology Analysis
10 Research Findings and Conclusion
11 Methodology and Data Source
11.1 Methodology
11.1.1 Research Process
11.1.2 Market Size Estimation
11.1.3 Market Breakdown and Data Triangulation
11.2 Data Source
11.2.1 Legal Disclaimer
List of Tables and Figures
Figure PC Gaming Mouse Picture
Table Product Definition of PC Gaming Mouse
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Market Size Growth Rate by Type, 2019 VS 2024 VS 2030
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Market Size Growth Rate by Application, 2019 VS 2024 VS 2030
Figure Years Considered
Table Inflation Analysis
Table The Impact of the Russian-Ukrainian War on the Market
Figure (COVID-19) Impact on Global Economic Growth 2019, 2020, 2021
Figure Population infected by the Covid-19 of Major Countries
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Production by Players (2019-2024)
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Production Market Share by Players (2019-2024)
Figure Top 5 Largest Players of PC Gaming Mouse in 2024
Figure Top 10 Largest Players of PC Gaming Mouse in 2024
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Revenue by Players (2019-2024)
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Revenue Market Share by Players (2019-2024)
Figure Top 5 Largest Players of PC Gaming Mouse in 2024
Figure Top 10 Largest Players of PC Gaming Mouse in 2024
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Production Price by Players
Table Players Market Concentration Ratio (CR5)
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Players Geographical Distribution
Table Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion Plans
Table Company Profiles
Table Razer Overview
Table Razer Production, Price, Value, Gross, Gross Margin 2019-2024
Table Razer Related Developments
Table Company Profiles
Table Corsair Overview
Table Corsair Production, Price, Value, Gross, Gross Margin 2019-2024
Table Corsair Related Developments
Table Company Profiles
Table A4TECH Overview
Table A4TECH Production, Price, Value, Gross, Gross Margin 2019-2024
Table A4TECH Related Developments
Table Company Profiles
Table Logitech Overview
Table Logitech Production, Price, Value, Gross, Gross Margin 2019-2024
Table Logitech Related Developments
Table Company Profiles
Table RAPOO Overview
Table RAPOO Production, Price, Value, Gross, Gross Margin 2019-2024
Table RAPOO Related Developments
Table Company Profiles
Table Genius(KYE Systems Corp) Overview
Table Genius(KYE Systems Corp) Production, Price, Value, Gross, Gross Margin 2019-2024
Table Genius(KYE Systems Corp) Related Developments
Table Company Profiles
Table SteelSeries Overview
Table SteelSeries Production, Price, Value, Gross, Gross Margin 2019-2024
Table SteelSeries Related Developments
Table Company Profiles
Table MADCATZ Overview
Table MADCATZ Production, Price, Value, Gross, Gross Margin 2019-2024
Table MADCATZ Related Developments
Table Company Profiles
Table Roccat Overview
Table Roccat Production, Price, Value, Gross, Gross Margin 2019-2024
Table Roccat Related Developments
Table Company Profiles
Table Mionix Overview
Table Mionix Production, Price, Value, Gross, Gross Margin 2019-2024
Table Mionix Related Developments
Table Company Profiles
Table COUGAR Overview
Table COUGAR Production, Price, Value, Gross, Gross Margin 2019-2024
Table COUGAR Related Developments
Table Company Profiles
Table AZio Overview
Table AZio Production, Price, Value, Gross, Gross Margin 2019-2024
Table AZio Related Developments
Table Company Profiles
Table Xiaomi Corporation Overview
Table Xiaomi Corporation Production, Price, Value, Gross, Gross Margin 2019-2024
Table Xiaomi Corporation Related Developments
Table Company Profiles
Table Microsoft Overview
Table Microsoft Production, Price, Value, Gross, Gross Margin 2019-2024
Table Microsoft Related Developments
Table Company Profiles
Table DAREU Overview
Table DAREU Production, Price, Value, Gross, Gross Margin 2019-2024
Table DAREU Related Developments
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Production by Type (2019-2024)
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Production Share by Type (2019-2024)
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Forecasted Production by Type (2024-2030)
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Forecasted Production Share by Type (2024-2030)
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Value by Type (2019-2024)
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Value Share by Type (2019-2024)
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Forecasted Value by Type (2024-2030)
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Forecasted Value Share by Type (2024-2030)
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Price by Type (2019-2024)
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Price Forecast by Type (2024-2030)
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Consumption by Application (2019-2024)
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Consumption Share by Application (2019-2024)
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Forecasted Consumption by Application (2024-2030)
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Forecasted Consumption Share by Application (2024-2030)
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Revenue by Application (2019-2024)
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Revenue Share by Application (2019-2024)
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Forecasted Revenue by Application (2024-2030)
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Forecasted Revenue Share by Application (2024-2030)
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Price by Application (2019-2024)
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Price Forecast by Application (2024-2030)
Figure Global PC Gaming Mouse Production (2019-2030)
Figure Global PC Gaming Mouse Value (2019-2030)
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Production by Region: 2019 VS 2024 VS 2030
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Historic Production by Region (2019-2024)
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Historic Production Share by Region (2019-2024)
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Historic Value by Region (2019-2024)
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Historic Value Share by Region (2019-2024)
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Forecasted Production by Region (2024-2030)
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Forecasted Production Share by Region (2024-2030)
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Forecasted Value by Region (2024-2030)
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Forecasted Value Share by Region (2024-2030)
Figure North America PC Gaming Mouse Production (2019-2030)
Figure North America PC Gaming Mouse Value (2019-2030)
Table North America Production, Price, Value, Gross, Gross Margin 2019-2024
Table SWOT Analysis
Figure Europe PC Gaming Mouse Production (2019-2030)
Figure Europe PC Gaming Mouse Value (2019-2030)
Table Europe Production, Price, Value, Gross, Gross Margin 2019-2024
Table SWOT Analysis
Figure China PC Gaming Mouse Production (2019-2030)
Figure China PC Gaming Mouse Value (2019-2030)
Table China Production, Price, Value, Gross, Gross Margin 2019-2024
Table SWOT Analysis
Figure Japan PC Gaming Mouse Production (2019-2030)
Figure Japan PC Gaming Mouse Value (2019-2030)
Table Japan Production, Price, Value, Gross, Gross Margin 2019-2024
Table SWOT Analysis
Figure Global PC Gaming Mouse Sales Estimates and Forecasts 2019-2030
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Sales by Region: 2019 VS 2024 VS 2030
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Sales by Region (2019-2024)
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Sales Share by Region (2019-2024)
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Sales by Region (2024-2030)
Table Global PC Gaming Mouse Sales Share by Region (2024-2030)
Figure North America PC Gaming Mouse Sales (2019-2030)
Table North America PC Gaming Mouse Sales by Country (2019-2030)
Table North America PC Gaming Mouse Sales Share by Country (2019-2030)
Figure United States PC Gaming Mouse Sales Market Size (2019-2030)
Figure Canada PC Gaming Mouse Sales Market Size (2019-2030)
Figure Europe PC Gaming Mouse Sales (2019-2030)
Table Europe PC Gaming Mouse Sales by Country (2019-2030)
Table Europe PC Gaming Mouse Sales Share by Country (2019-2030)
Figure Germany PC Gaming Mouse Sales Market Size (2019-2030)
Figure France PC Gaming Mouse Sales Market Size (2019-2030)
Figure U.K. PC Gaming Mouse Sales Market Size (2019-2030)
Figure Italy PC Gaming Mouse Sales Market Size (2019-2030)
Figure Russia PC Gaming Mouse Sales Market Size (2019-2030)
Figure Asia-Pacific PC Gaming Mouse Sales (2019-2030)
Table Asia Pacific PC Gaming Mouse Sales by Region (2019-2030)
Table Asia Pacific PC Gaming Mouse Sales Share by Region (2019-2030)
Figure China PC Gaming Mouse Sales Market Size (2019-2030)
Figure Japan PC Gaming Mouse Sales Market Size (2019-2030)
Figure South Korea PC Gaming Mouse Sales Market Size (2019-2030)
Figure India PC Gaming Mouse Sales Market Size (2019-2030)
Figure Southeast Asia PC Gaming Mouse Sales Market Size (2019-2030)
Figure Australia PC Gaming Mouse Sales Market Size (2019-2030)
Figure Latin America PC Gaming Mouse Sales (2019-2030)
Table Latin America PC Gaming Mouse Sales by Country (2019-2030)
Table Latin America PC Gaming Mouse Sales Share by Country (2019-2030)
Figure Mexico PC Gaming Mouse Sales Market Size (2019-2030)
Figure Brazil PC Gaming Mouse Sales Market Size (2019-2030)
Figure Middle East & Africa PC Gaming Mouse Sales (2019-2030)
Table Middle East and Africa PC Gaming Mouse Sales by Country (2019-2030)
Table Middle East and Africa PC Gaming Mouse Sales Share by Country (2019-2030)
Figure Turkey PC Gaming Mouse Sales Market Size (2019-2030)
Figure Saudi Arabia PC Gaming Mouse Sales Market Size (2019-2030)
Figure U.A.E PC Gaming Mouse Sales Market Size (2019-2030)
Table Raw Material
Table Raw Materials Key Suppliers
Figure Sales Channels
Table Major Distributors of PC Gaming Mouse with Contact Information
Table Major Customers of PC Gaming Mouse with Contact Information
Table Research Process
Figure Bottom-up and Top-down Approaches for This Report